2.If l₁ and l₂ are the lengths of long and short spans of a two way slab simply supported on four edges and carrying a load w per unit area, the ratio of the loads split into w₁ and w₂ acting on strips parallel to l₂ and l₁ is
4.If K is a constant depending upon the ratio of the width of the slab to its effective span l, x is the distance of the concentrated load from the nearer support, bw is the width of the area of contact of the concentrated load measured parallel to the supported edge, the effective width of the slab be is
5.A pile of length ‘L’ carrying a uniformly distributed load ‘W’ per metre length is suspended at two points, the maximum, B.M. at the centre of the pile or at the points of suspension, is
6.If p1 is the vertical intensity of pressure at a depth h on a block of earth weighing w per unit volume and the angle of repose φ, the lateral intensity of pressure p2 is
7.If the length of a combined footing for two columns l meters apart is L and the projection on the left side of the exterior column is x, then the projection y on the right side of the exterior column, in order to have a uniformly distributed load, is (where x̅ is the distance of centre of gravity of column loads).
13.To ensure that the hogging bending moment at two points of suspension of a pile of length L equals the sagging moment at its centre, the distances of the points of suspension from either end, is
15.A pile of length ‘L’ carrying a uniformly distributed load ‘W’ per metre length is suspended at the centre and from other two points 0.15 L from either end ; the maximum hogging moment will be
17.‘P’ is the pre-stressed force applied to the tendon of a rectangular pre-stressed beam whose area of cross section is ‘A’ and sectional modulus is ‘Z’. The maximum stress ‘f’ in the beam, subjected to a maximum bending moment ‘M’, is
19.In a doubly-reinforced beam if ‘c’ and ‘t’ are stresses in concrete and tension reinforcement, ‘d’ is the effective depth and ‘n’ is depth of critical neutral axis, the following relationship holds good