16.The radius of a friction circle for a shaft rotating inside a bearing is (where r = Radius of shaft, and tan φ = Coefficient of friction between the shaft and bearing)
17.Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is